Techniques and coping mechanisms of logo therapy

 

The three main techniques of logo therapy are:

1. Dereflection:

Dereflection is used when a person is overly self-absorbed on an issue or attainment of a goal. By redirecting the attention, or dereflecting the attention away from the self, the person can become whole by thinking about others rather than themselves.

2. Paradoxical intention:

Paradoxical intention involves asking for the thing we fear the most. For people who experience anxiety or phobias, fear can paralyze them. But by using humor and ridicule, they can wish for the thing they fear the most, thus removing the fear from their intention and relieving the anxious symptoms associated with it.

3. Socratic dialogue:

Socratic dialogue is a technique in which the logo therapist uses his own person's words as a method of self-discovery. By listening intently to what the person says, the therapist can point out specific patterns of words, or word solutions to the client, and let the client see new meaning in them. This process allows a person to realize that the answer lies within and is just waiting to be discovered.

Coping Mechanisms:

Frankl observed that survival and self-preservation depended much more on mental emotional strength than physical strength. Specifically, the survivors demonstrated at least 3 sets of key coping mechanisms:

• Rich inner lives.

No matter how unbearable our external circumstances, humans have the ability to retreat into an inner psychological space of peace and safety. Prisoners who had rich inner lives coped much better than those who didn’t. This includes humor, appreciation for art and beauty, religious/spiritual beliefs, imagination, and love.

• Goals for the future.

As a prisoner in a concentration camp, you have no identity, no possessions, and no idea if/when you’d ever be free. It’s like being stuck indefinitely in a “provisional existence”. Many prisoners committed suicide since they felt they had nothing to live for. Yet, those with life goals somehow found a way to persist.

• Perception of Choice.

Despite the suffering in a concentration camp, prisoners still had choices. Prisoners constantly decided if they’d push to survive another day or simply give up. They chose whether to let the camp degrade them to an animal, or stay true to their human values and sense of self. Their daily choices, including how they chose to interpret their situation and respond to them, defined who they were as a person.

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