Introduction of Heinz Hartmann

    Heinz Hartmann; the founder and principle representative of ‘Ego Psychology’ Physician and psychoanalyst. Heinz Hartmann was born in Vienna on November 4, 1894, and died in Stony Point, NY, on May 17, 1970.

Hartmann's father, Ludo Hartmann, was a professor of history and founder of public libraries and adult education; his mother, Grete Chrobak, was a successful sculptor and pianist. Tutors educated Hartmann until age thirteen; he continued in public schools and at the University of Vienna, where he attended lectures in many fields, earned his medical degree, and became a psychiatrist. Becoming interested in Freud, became a key member of his generation of Freud's followers at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society.

Hartmann was considered a major clinical analyst, teacher, theoretician, and meta psychologist, building on and extending Freud's ideas and findings. He was frequently an integrator. A pillar of that era's psychoanalytic establishment but not a cloistered thinker, he welcomed biopsychosocial thinking, contributions from general biology, neurobiology, and medicine; and also psychology, developmental theory, history, philosophy, anthropology, sociology, ethology, mythology, and art. He saw psychoanalysis as central to a general psychology. 

Hartmann is best known for his work on ego psychology and adaptation, elaboration of conflict and drive theory, neutralization of aggression, and the conflict-free ego sphere, which serve as structures for much clinical and research work. His success in including mind-brain interactions, as well as centrally defining structures of mind-mind and mind-environment interactions.


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