Comparison of extinction and negative punishment

 Comparison of extinction and negative punishment: 

  • Both decrease the occurrence of a behavior over time. 
  • Negative punishment is an EVENT – the actual removal of something that causes the decrease in behavior. 
  • Extinction is a "NON-EVENT." It is lack of reinforcement. Instead of getting something good to strengthen the behavior, or having something added or taken away to suppress it, nothing happens. It just "doesn't work" to get the desired reinforcement any more. 
  • Both are frustrating to the learner. The level of frustration varies from learner to learner in each specific situation. 
  • Punishment is an effective means of changing behavior, but even when used correctly, it may have side effects, including fear and aggression. Extinction has not been shown to have those side effects. 
  • Extinction causes the dog to change his behavior – try again, try harder, try something different. Punishment, on the other hand, suppresses behavior causing the dog to do offer less and to restrict offerings to what he is sure will result in reinforcement. 
  • Extinction can cause a decrease in rate of response. However, this is most likely to happen if the overall rate of reinforcement has also fallen, such as when the trainer lumps criteria or increases too quickly. 
  • Extinction is effective only when the behavior is in no way self-reinforcing to the learner.

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